This indicator measures the average number of live births a woman would have over her reproductive lifetime (typically ages 15–49) based on age-specific fertility rates observed in a given population over a ten-year period. The fertility rate reflects reproductive behavior, family planning use, and broader social and economic conditions within a community. Monitoring fertility rates over 10-year periods helps identify population growth trends, anticipate future demand for maternal and child health services, guide family planning and reproductive health policies, assess the effectiveness of education and women's empowerment programs, and inform long-term planning for housing, schools, labor markets, and social services.